What are the Common Differences Between OPT and CPT?

Introduction

It is not very clear to get an understanding of US work programs for international students such as OPT( Optional Practical Training) and CPT( Curricular Practical Training). Both programs are geared towards giving international students an F-1 visa practical work experience, but they are vastly different in intent, timing and requirements. This will help clarify the OPT vs CPT comparison and give some helpful advice to those considering each program.

Whether you plan on getting hands-on training while you are studying or after you graduate, understanding the key OPT vs CPT differences is essential for figuring out what's best for you. In this blog, we will learn about the eligibility, duration, application process, and other parameters that set these programs apart. Let's dive in!

What Is OPT (Optional Practical Training)?

OPT is a program that allows international students on an F-1 visa to gain work experience related to their major field of study. Approved by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), OPT is a flexible option for students seeking to enhance their academic knowledge with real-world experience.

Key Features of OPT:

• Eligibility: F-1 students must complete at least one full academic year at a US institution before applying.
• Duration: A standard OPT lasts for 12 months, with an additional 24-month extension for certain STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) degrees.
• Application Process: Students must file Form I-765 with USCIS and obtain an Employment Authorization Document (EAD).
• Work Authorization: Allows students to work full-time post-graduation or part-time during their studies.

Types of OPT:

1.   Pre-Completion OPT is available during the academic program. Students can work up to 20 hours a week while classes are in session.
2.   Post-Completion OPT: Authorized after graduation for full-time work related to the degree.

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What Is CPT (Curricular Practical Training)?

CPT is designed for international students to gain practical experience as part of their academic curriculum. Unlike OPT, CPT is tied directly to a student's course requirements and often involves internships, co-ops, or other hands-on training.

Key Features of CPT:

• Eligibility: Students must have completed one academic year unless their program requires earlier participation.
• Timing: Must be completed before graduation.
• Application Process: Authorized through the school's Designated School Official (DSO) by updating Form I-20.
• Work Authorization: Specific to an employer and job dates as listed on the I-20.

Types of CPT:

1.   Part-Time CPT: Allows students to work up to 20 hours per week during the academic term.
2.   Full-Time CPT: Enables students to work more than 20 hours per week, typically during breaks or when authorized by the program.

 OPT vs CPT Comparison

Understanding the OPT and CPT differences can help you decide which program aligns with your goals and academic requirements. Here's a detailed breakdown:

Critical Distinctions Between OPT and CPT

1. Eligibility

While both programs require F-1 status and one academic year of study, OPT is more flexible. Students in CPT must show that practical training is integral to their degree program.

2. Application Process

For OPT, students apply to USCIS for work authorization. CPT, on the other hand, is authorized directly by the school's DSO and requires updating the I-20 form.

3. Work Flexibility

OPT allows students to work for any employer in their field, while CPT limits employment to the employer listed on the I-20.

4. Post-Graduation Opportunities

Only OPT offers work authorization after graduation, making it a preferred choice for students aiming for extended professional experience in the US. 

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Why Choose OPT or CPT?

Both OPT and CPT offer valuable opportunities to gain professional experience in your field. Deciding between the two depends on your academic program, career goals, and timeline. Here's a quick recap:

• Choose OPT if you want flexible work options during or after graduation.
• Opt for CPT if practical training is a mandatory part of your degree program.

A Gateway to Real-World Experience

While, for International students, OPT and CPT are just ways to earn some money, they are a way to go into the real world, connect with professionals and build your career. Maximizing opportunities is all about knowing OPT vs CPT differences.

Fun Fact: Did You Know?

If you are pursuing a STEM major, you can receive an additional 24-month extension on your OPT, giving you a total of 36 months of valuable work experience in the United States! To learn more about US work programs for students, from the application process to internships and visa advice, call Gateway Educonnect now for your complimentary consultation. (Are you ready to begin your path?) We will hold your hand every step of the way!

Securing a place in a top university requires more than just good grades; it demands a flawless application due to the fierce competition. Gateway Educonnect specialists can guide you through the application process, helping you achieve your academic dreams. Contact us today at +91 7412067040 for a free 30-minute consultation.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. Can I do both OPT and CPT?

Ans. Yes, but using CPT for 12 months or more makes you ineligible for OPT.

Q2. Is OPT guaranteed after applying?

Ans. No, you need USCIS approval for OPT. Ensure your application is complete and filed on time.

Q3. Can I work on-campus with CPT or OPT?

Ans. Yes, but CPT or OPT work authorization must be separate from your on-campus job.

Q4. What happens if I violate OPT or CPT rules?

Ans. Violating the terms of your work authorization can jeopardize your visa status. Always consult your school's DSO for guidance.